Breast Cancer Apparel

>>> coming up next on "arizona horizon" -- a debate on the merits of labor contracts that allow police to take part in union activities during the work hours. and we'll learn how asu, the mayo clinic and t-gen are working together to fight breast

cancer. those stories next on "arizona horizon." >> "arizona horizon" made possible by contributions from the friends of 8, members of your arizona pbs station. thank you. >>> good evening.

welcome to "arizona horizon." i'm ted simons. february home prices in the phoenix area increased by 23% over the previous year. that's tops in the nation ahead of san francisco, las vegas and atlanta. over all the u.s. saw 9.3%

increase, due to growing number of buyers and limited supply of homes. >>> a bill that requires arizona cities an counties to sell weapons that are surrendered during buy-back events has been signed into law. it prohibits municipalities to

continue the practice of destroying voluntarily surrendered weapons. the supporters argue it was a waste of taxpayer resources. >>> and the governor also signed into law a bill that makes it easier to fire low performing teachers.

school boards can now put teachers with the lowest rated performance evaluations on probation which makes it easier for the teacher to be fired with little notice. >>> a recent court injunction stops phoenix police officers from doing union work while on

the job. phoenix law enforcement association says it will fight the injunction issued after a lawsuit filed by the gold wear institute. joining us is clint bolick, lead attorney for the institute, mark spencer, southwest coordinator

for judicial watch, formerly with the phoenix law enforcement association. >> good to be with you. >> what does relief time mean? >> this is when full-time city employees are released from what they were hired to do in this case patrolling the streets and

allowed to do union work full-time. this goes on not just in the police department but in throughout the city of phoenix and in most cities across arizona. >> how do you define release time?

>> it's a benefit that is purchased by phoenix police officers. in other words, the city manager comes to the table says i want you to do a job. run the gunfights. those police officers say we'll run the gunfights but you need

to pay us, so the city manager provides a $330 million total comp packages, wages, insurance, vacation, sick leave, then .005 or one half percent of that total package they pay for those police officers buy through reduced wages six full-time release positions to make sure

they have representation. >> sounds like it's negotiated in a labor contract. >> oh, it certainly is. but unfortunately, what is being done is the mission of the phoenix police department and other departments in phoenix is being diverted toward union

activities. these officers and mark was one of them report to union headquarters, they lobby in some instances against the city's own position, they collect guaranteed overtime, they qualify for the same pensions as police officers who risk their

jobs every day. this is a gift to the police union and to other unions and that's exactly what the judge found. >> does this union work include lobbying, political activism, these sorts of things? >> absolutely it does.

you don't have phoenix police officers' best interests in mind. it's not your job. the goldwater institute doesn't have their best interests in there willing to take $322 less per officer per year to make sure they have access to 24/7

representation. that's crucial. >> ted, in the private sector union members would be paying for this out of their own pockets. they're not here. i would love to see police officers get that $322 and

figure out what to do with it. guess what. they wouldn't be buying a diversion of police officers to sit at union desks instead of doing their jobs. that's what they are afraid of. >> it's clearly not a gift. police officers agree to run the

gunfights for a total comp package. one half of 1% of that total compensation which equals about 322 per officer is used to purchase those release positions. it's clearly not -- what's happening here is we're using

the courts to push a political agenda. we don't like the way police officers spend their money. so we're going to tell them you can spend it on health insurance and dental insurance an life insurance but when it comes to job insurance you're not going

to spend it. >> quickly, i hear the argument it's employee money. it's not additional -- >> it's not employee money. it's money that could be used to hire more police officers. we have had a hiring freeze for several years.

just how many officers could we hire for that additional million dollars? this money is being used against the city's interests when we buy health insurance it promotes the city's interests. just this last year the police union solicited 100 grievances

against the city while being paid by the taxpayers to do that to challenge the police uniform policy. that is something that should be paid by union dues, not with taxpayer money. >> why not pay for this if it comes out of salaries, employee

money, why not use union dues for this? >> why would you use taxpayer money when you have access to officers who are willing to take reduced wage, even in a ruling she makes the comment with 2647 police officers release time would cost each police officer

$322. so what happened here now is a judge came in with a gavel and a robe and said injunction, i'm going to take that time from you. those officers paid for that 322 in released wages. if you do that with a stocking

cap and a gun that's called robbery. make these officers whole if you're going to take that $322 away from them. they are still running the gunfights and not getting their compensation. >> i respond by saying if

there's robbery going on here it's the union robbing the taxpayers. that's exactly how the judge saw it. our gift clause prohibits gifts to private entities like unions. here she looked at the contract and she said, what are the

taxpayers getting in return for this money that we're giving to the union? and the answer was absolutely nothing except for a bunch of headaches. >> what are the taxpayers getting in return? >> that's a good question.

you have an asset, a unique investment called a police officer. could be a $1 million asset. you have intensive training. to expose that asset, that unique investment to flip an accusation, the police department hires 30

investigators and supervisors to investigate misconduct against phoenix police officers. who defends them? taxpayers go out of their way, rightfully so, to make sure a child molester has a public defender. police officers go out of their

way out of their own pockets to make sure police officers have representation -- >> actually, ted, two police officers are on standby 24 hours a day to handle those kinds of complaints. that is not affected at all by this injunction.

what is affected is the sort of stuff mark did before he went on retirement and on pension. he was lobbying full-time, not for the city, but for the union, but the taxpayers were paying him to do that. they didn't hire mark to lobby. they hired him to patrol the

streets. >> does some of this activity, though, include grievance matters, disciplinary matters, training, task forces -- >> maybe lobbying is included in the mix but are there not other things -- >> sure.

what the city did this year was came back and said let's try to fix this problem. let's list the things that they are going to do for the city like training and that sort of thing. we'll pay for that, but the lobbying, you guys are to pay

for. the political activities, grievances you have to pay for. guess what police said to that. they said we will torch this place if that change is made. that's the attitude we see. by the way, the union negotiators negotiating that

contract are paid with taxpayer dollars. >> what about that change? what's wrong with that idea for change? >> i think what's important is, and here's what's alarming from a conservative point of view is when we try to pursue

legislation from the bench. i can't get the voters to change their minds says goldwater, i can't get elected officials to change their minds so i'll get a judge to legislate from the bench and change the contract at the expense of $322, it was her ruling to the officers.

i had a police chief tell us you keep your boys on a leash. the chief's job isn't to have police officers' best interests in mind. it's to run the police department. so due process is something that police officers are willing to

pay for out of their own >> i kind of want to get back to what you just said. people elect their lawmakers to -- we had a similar conversation regarding glendale. you elect city council and the mayors to do the city's work. they believe these kinds of

contracts do the city's work. why is the goldwater institute getting involved? >> what's the first thing an elected official does before he or she starts enacting legislation? they take an oath to the constitution.

the constitution is above any kind of law and certainly above any kind of contract. so you go to court to protect constitutional rights. we do it over and over again. in this instance the judge said, this contract exceeds the constitutional authority of this

city. >> the judge also said that this place is public funds at the disposal of the unions, the mission is the safety of the community and this does not advance a public purpose. is the judge wrong here? >> clearly wrong.

does it advance public purpose? does that release time advance public purpose? does vacation time advance a does sick leave advance public purpose? does dental insurance? i take my kids to disneyland for a week.

does that advance public we want our officers healthy, we want them to have access to life insurance but we don't want our officers to have access to representation? they don't like the way police officers are spending their money, so they want to change it

to an injunction. >> one of the things that union folks did this year on union time, the police chief asked some of them to wear taser temperatures on their helmets. the union put out a notice saying don't obey the chief. if he forces you to do it we'll

file a grievance. they threatened to follow the police chief to see if he was talking to other unions about the uniform issue. are these advancing the public absolutely not. are they legitimate functions of a union?

yes, but the union should be paid with union dues, not >> back to mark's point regarding vacation time, sick time, other things that are negotiated into contracts, does the goldwater are you going to start getting involved if someone looks like they are

taking too much vacation time? >> of course not. what the constitution forbids is making public funds available to a third party. the city object if officers were placed suddenly at the disposal of mcdonald's? of course they would.

that's exactly what's happening here. this is an independent entity, a labor union with its own interests. a lot of the police officers are not even members yet they are paying for this stuff. >> sounds like the argument is

tax declares are being used to promote union interests. is that accurate, a, and b, how do you respond? >> bottom line she says in her own ruling each officer pays $322 less in wages to acquire this .005 -- that's one half of a percentage of that total

compensation, 1.7 million out of a $330 million contract. health insurance, cigna is a third party provider but we contract with them. these officers knowingly work in a volatile environment. everybody loves a firefighter but when the police officer

comes to your house normally a law has been broken and there's a victim. it's easy to generate false allegations. so you have that asset investigated. why is due process less important than a vacation or

sick leave? >> last question. critics say the goldwater institute is basically union bashing. you're not saving taxpayer money. it's a ruse, just another way to go after the unions.

>> public employee unions around the country are bankrupting cities and states. the excesses have gone on for too long. the unions should do what they feel is in the best interests of their members but should do so with their own resources, not

taxpayer dollars. >> we have to stop it there. great discussion. >> sorry we couldn't disagree more. >> you did well enough. thanks for joining us. >>> >>> when london bridge was

completed in 1831 the automobile didn't even exist. by 1968, it may not have been falling down, but the bridge was sinking under the crush of modern traffic. so the city of london decided to sell it to a developer in just off state route 95 in lake

havasu city is a plaque memorializing the dedication an reopening of the bridge in october 1971. the two-day gala included an elaborate dinner attended by 800 including then arizona governor jack williams and sir peter stud, lord mayor of london.

over three years of risk taking and hard work. it was the dream of ct wood and rock mccullough, who were developing the fledgling town. the bridge was purchased for over $2 million. the 22 million ton structure was dismantled, each stone numbered

and shipped 10,000 miles to long beach, california. then trucked to lake havasu's colorado riverbank. it took 40 workers three years to reconstruct the bridge. the original 19th century construction crew of 800 took seven years and 40 laborers

died. the bridge survived the german blitz of london during world war ii. its light poles are made from cannons seized from napoleon's army at the battle of waterloo in 1815, the metal melted down and forged into lamps.

today the london bridge attracts over 1.5 million visitors a year exceeded only by the grand canyon. >>> arizona state university, the mayo clinic clinic and t-gen have joined forces to fight breast cancer. the three have formed the breast

cancer interest group or big group to help research some of the toughest breast cancers to treat. joining us, dr. karen anderson. she has a joint appointment at asu and mayo clinic . good to have you here. >> thank you very much.

>> talk about this collaboration. first exactly what is big and what about this collaboration? >> so a couple of years ago we realized that different centers within the valley had different types of expertise in researching and treating breast

we really felt we needed to come together and collaborate and join forces to target some of the most resistant types of breast cancers. >> were those the areas of focus, triple negative breast we have heard about that and endocrine resistant -- what are

we talking about here? >> breast cancers are very different. very heterogeneous. there are many types. those are two particular types that are resistant to current treatment. we need to be able to develop

new treatments and ways of diagnosing and going after those cancers. >> those are things that basically chemo is all you got? >> yes. either chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and for both types of cancers there's limited amounts

of opportunities really to treat those. so we need to come up with new drugs and combinations to get there. >> we keep hearing about testosterone and testosterone receptors being a key. talk to bus that.

>> so some breast cancers express the receptor, the endrogen receptors, present normally in prostate type there's a whole set of studies looking at can we use some of the drugs we use to trait prostate cancer can we also use toes though treat breast cancer.

we need to understand which benefit from that, how they work, how to combine them with the therapy we have. >> how do you better understand that? >> we're starting to understand how the receptors work, which cancers are expressing those,

how we can detect that and looking at trying to combine the therapy. >> as far as genomics on development treatment -- >> i can't underestimate it enough. right now what we're doing is both obtaining breast cancer

samples from women with breast cancer and asking what is different between these. what is difference between how those cancers develop? if you're going to develop therapy you need to understand heterogeneity. really deep expertise in how we

think about not just mutations but how the genome rearranges and all the parts. so we can look at both the genomics and we at asu also work on proteomics. if you integrate that you can start to understand how those cells will respond to therapy if

you can get to the primary cells and get them to grow, then we can start to push on them with different drugs and combinations to understand what is actually going to be used for treating women with breast cancer in real time. can we actually take cancers and

try to understand in real time so we can target their therapy specifically. >> it's almost like finding the environment they like and go in there and cause them some harm. >> exactly. >> the collaborative effect, you have asu, t-gen, mayo clinic

clinic. what were the challenges of getting these big brains together to fight breast cancer? >> well, we have a common mission. that makes it much simpler. the mission is driven by what our patients need.

from that there's logistical challenges, obviously. we have three centers, three different institutions. we meet regularly, and we think about projects. we develop projects, grants, we copublish papers. right now we're actually

starting to develop new clinical trials based on some of this to try to bring these forward for people here. >> how far along is medicine in general in just identifying and treating these aggressive forms of cancers. >> i think we're not far along

enough yet. there's no question if you ask any woman who has any of these cancers they have to go through chemotherapy, hormone therapy, a lot of surgery, radiation. still we can't say you're cured. we never get to say that. we have a long way to go.

we have made strides, no question survival rates are steadily getting better, but it comes at a cost. it's a lot of therapy. we would like to be able to target these better. for some women we need newer, better drugs for this.

>> take us back five, ten years. what more do we know now than we did then? >> i think what we really are appreciating now is like i said that heterogeneity both between parents with cancer, the fact on the outside they may look the same, but internally they are

also even within a cancer, they can be different. i think that's something the whole field is starting to appreciate. >> what should we watch for as far as research? what's the next big news or big focus i guess?

>> big focus in big? >> i think that a number of projects one is on androgen receptors and what we can do. i think that will be coming out. we're starting to develop new vaccine and immunotherapy. we have a lot of expertise in the valley on

that trying to develop new protocols, trials, trying to recruit the immune system to fight breast cancer when chemotherapy and hormone therapy doesn't work. getting out the genomics, how can we find that earlier. diagnosis is a big part of that.

>> the fact there's a t-gen, mayo clinic clinic, asu. talk about the valley's importance in this particular line of medicine and research. >> i think that the valley is emerging as a very dynamic, very innovative research endeavor. absolutely state of the art.

as a scientist i find it very exciting to work here. it's we have the opportunities with these types of collaborations to have an impact in ways that i think is really unique. >> as far as you're concerned, there is optimism, is there not?

>> absolutely. >> everyone knows someone who has had some sort of contact with breast cancer whether it's immediate family or somewhere down the line. is there optimism? first of all, the majority of women who get breast cancer will

live long and healthy lives and will survive their breast in part because of the treatments, and in part because of newer treatments coming down the pike. what we use to treat now compared to five years ago, ten years ago, completely different.

it changes every single year. i think women and their physicians and the centers have to really keep up with what is the newest, latest medications, the newest treatments we can do and bring that to women in the valley. >> it's good to have you here.

>>> wednesday, we'll have another midweek legislative update with the arizona capitol times and hear about a new link that's been found between red meat and heart disease. and 10:00 on the next "arizona horizon." that is it for now.

thank you so much for joining us. you have a great evening. >>> "arizona horizon" is made >>> when you want to be more informed, 8 delivers news and analysis with multiple perspectives. thanks to function support from

you and -- >> friendship village tempe, a retirement community for over 30 years, offers independent living with residency options, lifelong learning classes as well as continuing care. information at friendship village az.com.

>>> the persian room. travel to another world, to a land of exotic aromas and period decor for a fine dining experience. in north scottsdale on scottsdale road one light north of frank lloyd wright boulevard. gourmet, exotic cuisine at its

best. >>> later on 8h.d.. >> next time on the dust bowl -- >> a new plague descends on the southern plains. >> they ate everything in sight. >> some families pull up stakes and move on. >> we had nothing left.

no reason to stay. >> the president must decide if the plains can be saved. >> we shall have on our hands a new man made sahara. >> don't miss the conclusion of the dust bowl. on 8h.d.. >> 8h.d., 8 life, and 8 world.

this is arizona pbs supported by viewers like you. >>> if you are 60 or over consider a charitable gift annuity with 8 arizona pbs. a charitable gift annuity will provide you a steady stream of income during your lifetime and help ensure 8 is available for

future generations. >>> coming up on 8h.d., 8 life, and 8 world -- >> do you love to cook, travel, craft, paint or woodwork? get the most out of life. an entire channel devoted to your favorite hobbies. watch 8 life on cox 80.

to find out how to tune in through your satellite or another cable provider, visit azpbs.org/life. 8 life. >>> coming soon to 8h.d. -- >> coming up on secrets of the dead, an audacious act of espionage by the allies.

>> they were speaking. what they thought was privacy. >> the recorded conversations revealed valuable military secrets. and horrifying war crimes. hitler's soldiers, on secrets of the dead. >> wednesday night at 9:00 on

8h.d.